Advanced water purification combines multiple technologies to address diverse contaminants. Membrane filtration (reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration) removes dissolved solids, heavy metals, and microorganisms with 95-99% efficiency. Advanced oxidation processes using ozone, UV radiation, and catalysts destroy persistent organic pollutants and pharmaceutical residues. Electrocoagulation and bio- remediation address specific contaminants while minimizing chemical usage. Modern systems integrate real-time monitoring, automated control, and energy recovery mechanisms. Solar-powered and wind-integrated purification plants provide off-grid solutions for remote communities. These technologies produce potable water from seawater, brackish groundwater, industrial effluents, and wastewater, addressing global water scarcity challenges.